Chapter – 2 : Memory Units and It’s Types

The memory unit in a computer is a component that stores data and instructions either temporarily or permanently. It’s essential for the computer to function because it holds the information the CPU (central processing unit) needs to process tasks.

There are two main types of memory:

1. Primary Memory (Main Memory)

• RAM (Random Access Memory):
  • Temporary storage used while programs are running.
  • Fast but volatile (data is lost when the power is off).
  • Example: When you open a game or a browser, it loads into RAM.
• ROM (Read-Only Memory):
  • Permanent storage that contains essential instructions for booting the computer.
  • Non-volatile (data stays even when the power is off).

2. Secondary Memory (Storage)

• Long-term data storage.
• Examples: Hard drives (HDD), solid-state drives (SSD), USB drives.
• Slower than RAM but retains data even when powered off.

Quick Analogy:

Think of RAM like your desk while you’re working—things you’re using right now. Storage (HDD/SSD) is like a filing cabinet—you store things there long term.

Want to go deeper into how memory works or how it affects performance?